Napoleon Bonaparte His Successes and Failures

This paper is planned for talking about Napoleon Bonaparte who can be viewed as one of the most huge figures throughout the entire existence of the nineteenth century. He was the military and political pioneer of France during the period somewhere in the range of 1799 and 1815.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Napoleon Bonaparte: His Successes and Failures explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More His standard created some drawn out impacts inside and outside France. Specifically, one can talk about different changes in the association of numerous armed forces, change of national organizations, and sensational segment misfortunes in different nations. His activities show that the nineteenth century was a time of critical social and political changes which made numerous country states progressively arranged to the requirements of individuals. One can say that Napoleon’s counterparts may have various perspectives toward him. For example, his polit ical rivals accepted that he had been the dictator who usurped the force against the desire of general society. Somewhat, their allegations are very legitimized in light of the fact that Napoleon ousted the Directory and declared himself as the First Consul in 1799. In any case, his political force was for all intents and purposes boundless. Afterward, he asserted the title of a head, and along these lines, he sabotaged the consequences of the French Revolution. By the by, his supporters viewed him as an unmatched military virtuoso who changed the French Army into probably the best one on the planet. Over the span of his profession, Napoleon accomplished in excess of forty triumphs. In addition, way to deal with fighting was inventive, and it was imitated by other military commanders.Advertising Looking for paper on history? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is conceivable to talk around a few significant accomplishment an d heritages of Napoleon. Above all else, much consideration ought to be paid to the appropriation of Napoleonic Code which molded the enactment of numerous districts as France, Belgium, Italy, Germany, Spain, and other European states. By and large, the reception improved the working of courts and law implementation organizations. It is conceivable to state that this inheritance was unmistakable all through the nineteenth century. Besides, it is essential to underscore the adjustments in the military association, for example, the sped up enrollment and the broad utilization of gunnery. Be that as it may, one ought not disregard the negative inheritances of Napoleon. For example, students of history note that during the Napoleonic Wars, France lost around 1.4 million individuals. These military showdowns created shocking segment consequences for different nations, for example, Austria or Russia. Positively, Napoleon isn't the main individual who can be accused for these military clas hes; be that as it may, Napoleon could without much of a stretch acknowledge the need to forfeit a huge number of individuals so as to accomplish some political or military objectives. Besides, one ought not disregard the antagonistic financial effects of his standard. For example, Napoleon’s wars with Great Britain kept France from taking an interest in abroad exchange. Also, French makers couldn't gain admittance to numerous crude materials.Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on Napoleon Bonaparte: His Successes and Failures explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Modern students of history perceive Napoleon’s military triumphs and his job in improving crafted by numerous administrations. In any case, they perceive that his wars destroyed a huge number of lives. By and large, it is critical to talk about the political elements that molded his vocation. Specifically, one can make reference to the French Revolution which empowered him to asce nd through military positions. Much consideration ought to be paid to such the military encounters with the traditionalists, for example, the Siege of Toulon or the guard of Tuileries Palace. The political and social changes, which overwhelmed France in the eighteenth century, allowed Napoleon a chance to show his military ability and assurance. This conversation shows that Napoleon had the option to change the political scene of the nineteenth-century Europe. By endeavoring to make a worldwide domain, he changed the political systems in different nations and presented enactment which improved the working of administrations. In any case, his military triumphs delivered calamitous segment impacts in numerous nations. This article on Napoleon Bonaparte: His Successes and Failures was composed and put together by client Hayleigh S. to help you with your own examinations. You are allowed to utilize it for exploration and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; be that as it may, you should refer to it in like manner. You can give your paper here.

Discuss the assoiated risks and benefits fo this context Essay

Talk about the assoiated dangers and advantages fo this unique circumstance - Essay Example This application permitted the sending and getting of computerized messages through a PC arrange. Every long range interpersonal communication site offers one of a kind highlights. The long range informal communication idea didn't get famous until the year 2003 when person to person communication sites like Friendster, LinkedIn and MySpace were propelled. In the year 2004, Facebook was propelled yet with specific limitations. Facebook was open just to the undergrads until the year 2006 (Shih 2009). These social networks are based on the highlights of Web 2.0 innovation; a stage for social site which permits gathering of web applications to give ideological and mechanical premise to long range interpersonal communication sites and permits the web to trade and structure the client produced content. Long range interpersonal communication sites are extremely useful and furthermore help in discovering areas of shops, eateries, colleges, banks and so on. These sites encourage interchanges among companions and family members and help in improving the innovativeness abilities of a person by imparting insights, stories, pictures and music. Person to person communication sites have profited adolescents, youth, younger students and the business ventures. It has changed the procedure of correspondence. Person to person communication sites has gotten exceptionally portable and can be gotten to through devices like phones, tablets and so on. The utilization of informal communication sites expanded with the development of devices. Access of these sites from the PDA opens the maximum capacity of interpersonal organization and makes it increasingly helpful for individuals to utilize them. Since it is progressively helpful to access through PDAs and different devices, the quantity of clients of PDAs and long range interpersonal communication has expanded altogether. Let us talk about the advantages related with the utilization of interpersonal interaction sites: 1. The long range informal communication sites helps in sharing of information and spreading of data more than some other

Americas Debt and Budget Deficit

Americas Debt and Budget Deficit Americas Debt and Budget Deficit Home›Economics Posts›Americas Debt and Budget Deficit Economics PostsIntroductionThe American debt and budget deficit problems have been on the increase for several years now. In 1992, the national debt stood at $4 trillion, which represented a 64% of the annual Gross Domestic Product. Over the next eight years, the debt was managed and reduced to 56% of the budget. However, it has swollen since then. The current American debt as at today stands at 14,350,296,997,143, which is slightly above 100% of the annual Gross Domestic Product. America has an estimated population of 310,677, 986 which means that every citizen in America shares $ 46,190.17 of the public debt. The means that the national debt continues to grow averagely at $ 3.98 billions per day since 2007.It is predicted that the deficit will continue to grow over the next few years with estimates being $50 trillion by 2030. This represents 140% of the Annual Gross Domestic Product. As the debt ratios continue to rise, the creditors will continue demanding higher interests rates to finance the debt. This, in turn, means that the deficit will continue to get larger and larger, which will force the United States to default its payment. In the light of these facts, I hold that Americas debt is growing to be unmanageable and that it is unsustainable.AnalysisCauses of the increase in the American’s debt.To be able to understand what causes the uprising American debt, it is important to understand what the composition of the debt. The national debt is the amount of money the federal government owes to the public and other agencies. The federal deficit can also be used to explain the national debt, where the expenditure of the states exceeds the revenues. The national comprises of all the debts throughout the history of America plus the interests due from such debts. The state owes the Federal Reserve about forty percent of the total debt, while the remaining amount is owe d to individuals, corporations and foreign governments. This situation is deteriorating by day as the crisis facing the world markets today demand more future borrowing; this means that the debt will continue to grow at a greater rate than the economy (Fink High 18).Knowledge and awareness of the national debt and budget deficit is very crucial for various reasons. One, the national debt is very expensive; the cost of borrowing of these funds is very high. Currently America appends over 900 billion each year in interest payment alone. Secondly, the big national debts cripple the development of the economy. The money given by the public as a loan to finance public social programs would have been used in most productive economic activities. Thirdly, increasing debts means that the government is relying heavily on foreign debts in paying its bills. The gives the individual foreign countries like China and Japan leverage in negotiations with America.Such leverage maybe harmful to the s trategic and competitive interests of America.  Fourthly, the over-reliance on public debt sends signals to market that America has become a risky borrower. This way, the buyers of the bonds will start demanding greater interest rates, to compensate them, in the event that the principal loan is not paid. The other concern facing increased national debt is inflation. For the government to manage the debt, it may cut on expenditure of increase or apply both mechanisms (Konigsberg 94). These policies are not very popular, and the government may result in monetising the debt. The government prints new money to repay the debt. This will result in high levels of inflations, which will affect the value of the dollar.America has had debts since its inception. These debts have continued to accumulate making it so large today. Over the years that American government cut down on taxes and increased its public spending resulting to a more increase in the public debts. The economy and the holde rs of the debt benefit in the short term. The holders enjoy high interest rates to compensate the risks that they will not be paid in the long run. The economy, on the other hand, benefits in the sense that there are funds available for spending. However, this loan and the interest rates on the loans becomes a burden as the government will have to repay the debt eventually (Harrison Dye 101).One of the causes of the increasing debt levels is through budget deficits. This happens when the government exceeds expenses over the revenues it collects from taxes and other revenues over a one year period of time. Each annual deficit is added back to the accumulated debts. When this happens, the government issues debt to cover up the difference. The debt comes in the form of bonds where individuals, corporations and the Federal Reserve buy. The government also loans itself some money through The Social Security Trust Fund. The result of this is increasing the national debt levels.The second cause of increase in the national debt is the increased government expenditure in social programs. This represents the amount of money the government puts aside for public expenditure. This spending is financed either by taxation or by borrowing. CBO projects that public expenditure will double in the next few years to account for over 40% of the GDP. This means that the government will require additional funds. More funds can only be made available through increased taxation or borrowing. This will cripple the American economy and destroy its international competitiveness.The other cause of the increasing debt in America is the Afghan and the Iraq wars. The two wars are estimated to cost the government $ 2.4 to $ 3.5 trillion. The CBO estimates that the war will cost $ 2.4 trillion by the time the war is expected to end by 2017. The democrats on the JEC (Joint Economic Committee) estimate that the war will cost 3.5 billion. This has a very great impact on the national debt. There is no doubt that the war increased the national debt substantially. For the first time, United States cut taxes as it started this war. This meant that the war was fully funded through borrowing.The government has been issuing bonds to be able to finance the war. It has also issued credit cards to China and other foreign buyers to be able to finance the costs of the war. The US debt increased from 6.4 trillion in 2003 to 10 trillion in 2008; a quarter of which is directly attributable to the war. This is exclusive of the future health costs for the disabled veterans of the war, which is likely to add an extra half a trillion to the debt. This is accompanied by very high interest rates; the interest factor comprises of almost 70% of the total amounts borrowed by the government, which continues to increase the national debt immensely. This makes the levels of the debt to be unmanageable and unsustainable. More debts continue to accumulate on every citizen without clear ways on how the debts will be paid. Critics of the war argue that the costs amounting from the war will continue to be passed on the coming generations, who had little to do with the start of the war. However, they have to pay for the debts borrowed today (Bardes 87).The other cause of the ever increasing national debt is the increased expenditure on healthcare, especially Medicaid and Medicare. Medicare is an insurance program for the elderly people aged from 65 years old. Taxpayers cover this insurance, which is usually branded as the health insurance for the poor. Medicare and Medicaid take up to 19% of the federal budget. The government also subsidises the costs of efficient and effective medicines to make them affordable to the poor. The effect of these policies is that they encourage early retirement and fewer saving on medical expenses. In addition, it encourages the over-utilisation of the health facilities. The extra demand resulting from this insurance forces the government to dedicate m ore resources to the health care. This has resulted in increased costs of healthcare. In the face of increased economic hardships, the government seeks foreign funds to take care of the health care. This, in turn, continues to swell the national debt to unmanageable levels.SolutionsTo be able to control the rise in the national debt and budget deficit, the government will have to increase the taxation levels or reduce on public expenditure. As the national debts increases, so does the interest rates payable on these loans. To be able to pay these interest rates, the government and the policy makers will have to increase the amount of taxes charged on people’s incomes. The extra revenues from the taxes would be used to repay the interests rates. However, economists argue that this is not a good way of managing the debts. This is because as more taxes are charged, people get discouraged to work and save resulting in decreased incomes and output. This will make the situation worse. T his is also opposed by the politicians, who fight for the rights of the citizens.To avoid the taxation problem, the government can embark on disinvestment policy, which entails reducing on its public spending, this way; the savings from the reduced funding will be used to pay the debts. This will entail some sacrifices by citizens so that in the future, the debt will be lower. The Keynesian economists hold that this is not a very good for the economy. This is because, when the government reduces spending, so does investments and consumption. This can only be applicable when the economy is near full employment. However, the current expenditure is greater than amounts necessary to maintain and support equitable citizens and an efficient financial system. The government should, therefore, cut on the current expenditure to repay the public debt and avoid it from increasing above the already high limits (Miron 78).The other solution to the national debt problem would be establishing a co nsolidated sinking fund, basically meant to repay the debts. This fund will enable the government to repay the debts instead of issuing new bonds to repay the existing debts. Normally, governments take up debts to repay the due loans. This means that there is a continuous vicious cycle where a debt is repaid using another debt, which means that in, essence, the debt was never paid. The consolidated fund will help to break this vicious cycle.ConclusionThe American debt has been increasing at an alarming rate in the last one decade. There are reasons why the amounts of the debt are going up so fast. First, the ongoing Iraq and Afghan wars are costing the government a lot of money, and thus the government is forced to take more debts to be able to finance the costs. An increase in public spending is another cause for increased debts and budget deficits. The spending is projected to double in the near future. However, these services do not bring in revenues, and so the government have t o seek other sources of finance to finance the debt. The government can raise funds through taxation or through borrowing. Since taxation is not popular with both the politicians and voters, then form of raising funds left is through borrowing, this continues to swell the national debts beyond manageable and sustainable levels (Baumol Blinder 64).The national debts and deficits have very great impacts on the economy of the United States of America. In the short run, the debts results in increased economic growth especially during recessions. Despite this, the long run effects of the debts are quite destructive to the economy. One of the harmful effects is the higher interests to be paid for such loans. This will reduce the amount of money available for the government to invest. Secondly, the American government may fall into the temptation of allowing the dollar value to fall, so it will be cheaper to pay the debts. In this case, foreign investors become reluctant in purchasing the US bonds pushing the interest rates much higher.Quick measures need to be taken to manage the current national debt and budget deficit conditions. However, any abrupt stop borrowing will push the value of the dollar down, push interest rates and inflation up, which would have a more harsh impact on the economy of America and the world at large. For this reason, the government needs to take swift measures to be able to manage the situation. First, the government can increase taxation levels on individuals and corporations. This will avail more revenues to repay the debt. Moreover, the government can cut on its public spending, so that the saved amounts of money can be used to repay the debt. The last option would be establishing a consolidated sinking fund, which will help to break the vicious cycle of borrowing. These measures will help to improve and reduce the national debt levels into manageable and sustainable levels.

Financial Statement Analysis Project- Liz Clairborne Inc...

FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS PROJECT LIZ CLAIRBORNE INC AND JONES APPAREL GROUP TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION - 1 - II. HORIZONTAL ANALYSIS OF JONES APPAREL GROUP - 2 - III. SIGNIFICANT PERCENTAGE INCREASES - 3 - IV. FINANCIAL RATIO ANALYSIS - 5 - 1. Current Ratio - 5 - 2. Gross Margin Percentage - 6 - 3. Profit Margin Percentage - 6 - 4. Accounts Receivable Turnover and Days to Collect - 7 - 5. Allowance for Doubtful Accounts to Accounts Receivable - 8 - 6. Inventory Turnover Days to Sell - 8 - 7. Return on Equity - 9 - 8. Return on Assets - 10 - 9. Debt to Equity - 10 - 10. Times Interest Earned - 11 - V. INVENTORY COST FLOW - 12 - VI. DEPRECIATION METHODS - 12 - VII. LIABILITIES - 12 -†¦show more content†¦it |1176.2 |1239.4 |-63.2 |-5.10% | |Selling, general and administrative expenses |1069.2 |1100.4 |-31.2 |-2.84% | |Loss on sale of Polo Jeans Company business |0 |0 |0 |0.00% | |Trademark impairments |25.2 |88 |-62.8 |-71.36% | |Goodwill impairment |813.2 |78 |735.2 |942.56% | |Operating loss |-731.4 |-27 |-704.4 |2608.89% | |Interest income |7.5 |3.7 |3.8 |102.70% | |Interest expense and financing costs |49.1 |51.5 |-2.4 |-4.66% | |Gain on sale of stock in Rubicon Retail Limited |/ |/ |/ |/ | |Gain on sale of interest in Australian joint venture |0.8 |8.2

Khaled Hosseini s Kite Runner Essay - 1252 Words

Khaled Hosseini’s Kite Runner is a historical fiction depicting the grim reality of Afghanistan, the Soviet Union’s invasion of 1979, and those affected by the events. Hosseini provides a vivid rendition of turmoil in Afghanistan by telling the tale of the protagonist, Amir, and his struggles throughout his life. The events of the novel force Amir to flee war in Afghanistan and find safety in America. Eventually, however, Amir must return to Taliban-controlled Afghanistan in order to find redemption for his dark past. His return culminates into a run-in with members of the Taliban as he attempts to free Assef, a character that will ultimately lead Amir to complete atonement. Amir engages in a physical confrontation with the Taliban members and, although he is successful in his fight, the injuries he sustains are life-threatening. An orbital fracture, a split upper lip, a punctured lung, a few broken ribs, a ruptured spleen, and broken jaw. Amir’s injuries, however, represent more than the fight for Assef’s freedom; these injuries symbolize Amir’s negative past with his father, Baba, his childhood friend, Hassan, and himself and prove the necessity of both physical and mental healing. The smallest reminders of Amir’s past are his split upper lip and orbital fracture. Amir’s lip is split â€Å"clean down the middle†¦ like a harelip† (297) as he leaves his fight with members of the Taliban. This split serves as a physical connection between Amir and his childhood friend,Show MoreRelatedKhaled Hosseini s The Kite Runner1679 Words   |  7 Pages Khaled Hosseini was born in Kabul, Afghanistan, on March 4th 1965. Hosseini s homeland was the inspiration for his novel, The Kite Runner, which gave his readers a taste of what Afghanistan was before the brutal invasions of the Taliban. He spent his early childhood living in Tehran, Iran, where he befriended his family s cook. The unexpected frien dship between a young Afghan and a member of the Hazara ethnic group exposed Hosseini to the acts of injustice against minority groups in AfghanistanRead MoreAnalysis Of Khaled Hosseini s The Kite Runner 1256 Words   |  6 Pagesthe novel, ‘The Kite Runner’, by Khaled Hosseini, occur where authority has been mistaken for enormity. Baba s expectations out of Amir and his tactics of dominance towards making Amir into someone he desires, is the power, mistook as magnitude. Also, the element that baba was sexually convoluted with Ali s wife, but had the capacity to keep it concealed and buried for long, is the power, of power. Furthermore, how Amir takes advantage of him being superior in terms of society s perception, overRead MoreAnalysis Of Khaled Hosseini s The Kite Runner Essay1177 Words   |  5 PagesWith No Name (Yet) â€Å"As long as there is love and memory, there is no true death† (Cassandra Clare, Lady Midnight). In Khaled Hosseini’s The Kite Runner, this quote is proven to be true through the character of Hassan. Hassan s character and memory are kept alive through both the physicality and actions of his son, Sohrab, and his best friend and half-brother, Amir. Hosseini describes Hassan as having a perfectly round face, a face like a Chinese doll chiseled from hardwood: his flat, broadRead MoreAnalysis Of Khaled Hosseini s The Kite Runner 1019 Words   |  5 Pagesknows just how hard it is to forgive yourself in The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini. When Amir makes the decision to not speak up about Hassan he felt so much guilt that he wanted Hassan and Ali to leave, he regretted it instantly. Years later, Rahim khan called Amir and asked him to come back to Afghanistan where he found out Hassan was his half-brother. Amir finally forgave himself when he found a way to make up for his mistakes. Hosseini portrays Amir as a morally ambiguous character by his guiltRead MoreAnalysis Of Khaled Hosseini s The Kite Runner 2073 Words   |  9 Pagesexchanged cute heart necklaces or pendants or carved your names into a tree. In Khaled Hosseini s The Kite Runner, two kids, Amir, and Hassan seem to have a strong friendship, represented in their names carved into a pomegranate tree. However, Amir reveals weakness in their friendship when he betrays Hassan by not intervening when the town bully, Assef, sexually assaults Hassan. In Mindset: The New Psychology of Success, Carol S. Dweck describes two types of mindsets. One is the fixed mindset, which isRead MoreAnalysis Of Khaled Hosseini s The Kite Runner 1076 Words   |  5 Pages Shakespeare’s famous â€Å"to be or not to be?† enters the mind. In the case of The Kite Runner, readers examine a similar question: to betray or not to betray? In Khaled Hosseini’s The Kite Runner, different characters choose to either engage in or avoid betrayal due to personal motives, subsequently influencing their future. Sanaubar, Hassan’s mother, holds intense motivations to betray those closest to her. Hosseini reveals Sanaubar’s infidelity in a conversation between Rahim Khan and Amir, statingRead MoreReview Of Khaled Hosseini s Kite Runner Essay1386 Words   |  6 PagesI was on a plane when I finished reading Khaled Hosseini’s Kite Runner, but my public surroundings didn’t deter me from crying as I would have, snuggled under the covers in my bed. This book transported me to another world, with atrocities that I could never have imagined; and the worst part was that it is based on history. Literature like this has the power to convey themes and ideas through the stories and actions of characters. In his book How to Read Literature like a Professor, Thomas FosterRead MoreAnalysis Of Khaled Hosseini s The Kite Runner 966 Words   |  4 PagesMarch 2015 Like Father Like Son Khaled Hosseini, the author of The Kite Runner, uses irony repeatedly throughout the novel. Amir, the protagonist faces the unintended consequences from his actions. These situations are often ironic as they are the complete opposite of what Amir intended to do. Through the use of irony, Khaled Hosseini reveals the hidden similarities between fathers and sons, thus creating more emotion, value, and meaning to the novel. On the day of the kite tournament, Amir hopes bringingRead MoreAnalysis Of Khaled Hosseini s The Kite Runner 1230 Words   |  5 PagesHaunting Desires In Khaled Hosseini’s novel The Kite Runner, father son relationships, specifically that of Amir and Baba, contribute to the development of the plot as well as the development of the characters involved. It is evident throughout the novel that Amir’s sole desire is to obtain Baba’s love and acceptance. However, this desire ultimately motivates him to enact rash decisions that will haunt him in the future. What Amir does not know is that Baba is also secretly the father of HassanRead MoreAnalysis Of Khaled Hosseini s The Kite Runner 1516 Words   |  7 PagesAdrian Zialcita Mrs. Sheffield English 1A 10/30/15 All for One and None for All According to Merriam Webster, being selfish is â€Å"to have or show concern for only yourself and not for the needs or feelings of other people.† In Khaled Hosseini’s book, The Kite Runner, the character Amir goes through numerous hardships throughout the story. To overcome those challenges, he performs acts that directly caused harm to the other characters in the book. Most of the time, the struggles that Amir passes

Mcq International Payments Free Essays

1. In the case of a â€Å"sight draft† A. the draft acceptance is after the shipment of goods B. We will write a custom essay sample on Mcq International Payments or any similar topic only for you Order Now the draft is presented to the buyer for acceptance when the shipment has been made C. the risk for the importer consists in the disposal of the unpaid goods D. the goods are available to the buyer before payment 2. It is not a bank draft A. promissory note B. checks C. money orders D. bill of exchange E. documentary collections 3. B/E represents: A. unconditional order in writing to pay a specified amount of money to a specified person or to the bearer, upon presentation of the bill at a specified future date B. n order given to the bank in order to pay a specific amount to a person from the company current account against the presented bill C. an order given by a person to its bank in order to pay a specific amount directly in the beneficiary’s account D. a written promise to pay a determinate sum of money made between two parties 4. This is not a benefit for the importer when he use a payment based on the letter of credit: A. reliance on issuing bank’s credit rather than buyer’s B. documentary evidence that the ordered goods have been shipped on time C. payment deferred until goods are shipped and documents presented D. ssurance that necessary clearance documents will be provided 5. A clean L/C means that: A. the L/C can not be revoked without the specific permission of all parties involved, including the exporter B. the L/C is issued by a bank and confirmed by another, obligating both banks to honor drafts drawn in compliance C. the place where the payment is realized by the exporter bank D. the documents are presented without other additional documents or notifications 6. In the case of open account payment A. the goods available to buyers before payment B. the risk belongs to the importer C. the goods are shipped to a buyer with a strong guarantee of payment D. the goods are available to buyers after payment 7. â€Å"Consignment† means that: A. the exporter retains actual title to the goods that are shipped to the importer B. an order given to a bank in order to pay a specific amount to a person from the company current account C. the goods will not be shipped until the buyer has paid the seller D. the goods are shipped to a buyer without guarantee of payment 8. The chief advantage in case of advance payment is: A. no credit extension required B. apital tied up until sales; must establish distributor’s creditworthiness need political risk insurance in some countries; increased risk from currency controls C. if customer does not or cannot accept goods, goods remain at port of entry and no payment is due D. lowers customer resistance by allowing extended payment after receipt of goods 9. The difference between a P-note and B/E consists on: A. the amount of money is well determined B. the maker of a P-note to personally pay the payee rather than ordering a third party to do so C. the P-note is more secure than a B/E D. he issuer of a P-note is the exporter 10. The highest risk is in case of: A. sight draft B. time draft C. cash in advance D. revocable L/C E. open account 11. International payments A. require common payment procedures B. are always guaranteed by a different bank C. are less risky D. are more complex than local payments 12. Open account payments mean that: A. the exporter retains actual title to the goods that are shipped to the importer B. the goods will not be shipped until the buyer has paid the seller C. the goods are shipped to a buyer without guarantee of payment D. n order given to a bank in order to pay a specific amount to a person from the company current account 13. In the case of a letter of credit this is not an advantage for the exporter A. Reliance on issuing bank’s credit rather than buyer’ s B. Payment protection C. Rapid, local source of repayment, if payable at a local bank D. Payment deferred until goods are shipped and documents presented (use of funds) 14. â€Å"Check† means that A. the exporter retains actual title to the goods that are shipped to the importer B. the goods are shipped to a buyer without guarantee of payment C. n order given to a bank in order to pay a specific amount to a person from the company current account D. the goods will not be shipped until the buyer has paid the seller 15. This is not a problem when we pay using a letter of credit A. Stipulations concerning freight cost are unacceptable B. Price is insufficient due to Interest Rate C. Unexpected quantity of product D. Description of product insufficient or too detailed E. Shipping schedule is not met 16. The Red-Clause Letter of Credit it is used when A. the exporter, as beneficiary, offers its credit as security in order to finance the opening of a second credit B. beneficiary has the right to instruct the paying bank to make credit available to one or more secondary beneficiaries C. the bank on whom the draft is drawn commits to pay the face amount at maturity by stamping â€Å"Accepted† across the draft D. in case of an advance payment in favor of an exporter 17. The lowest risk is in case of A. cash in advance B. open account C. sight draft D. revocable letter of credit E. time draft 18. In the case of Documents against Acceptance A. the bank issues a commitment for a stated time period to pay a beneficiary a stated amount of money B. he buyer may only receives the title and other documents after paying for the goods C. the buyer signs a time draft for payment at a later date D. the buyer may receive the title and other documents after signing a time draft promising to pay at a later date 19. In international payments are not used A. payment instruments B. non – cash payments C. cash payments D. balanced payments E. payment techniques 20. Stand-by Letter of Credit is used A. shipping schedule is not met B. stipulations concerning freight cost are unacceptable C. when the export price is insufficient due to FX rate changes D. nly if the importer didn’t fulfill it’s obligations E. only if the exporter didn’t fulfill it’s obligations 21. â€Å"Cash in advance† means that A. the goods will not be shipped until the buyer has paid the seller B. the exporter retains actual title to the goods that are shipped to the importer C. an order given to a bank in order to pay a specific amount to a person from the company current account D. the goods are shipped to a buyer without guarantee of payment 22. In the case of Documents against Payment A. the bank issues a commitment for a stated time period to pay a beneficiary a stated amount of money B. he buyer may receive the title and other documents after signing a time draft promising to pay at a later date C. the buyer may only receives the titl e and other documents after paying for the goods D. the buyer signs a time draft for payment at a later date 23. â€Å"Money order† represents A. is a written promise to pay a determinate sum of money made between two parties B. an order given to a bank in order to pay a specific amount to a person from the company current account C. an order given by a person to its bank in order to pay a specific amount directly in the beneficiary’s account D. nconditional order in writing to pay a specified amount of money to a specified person or to the bearer, upon presentation of the bill or at a specified future date 24. It is not a document required in case of a letter of credit A. Bills of Lading B. Income statement C. Commercial Invoice D. Packing List E. Certificate of Origin 25. In the case of a â€Å"time draft† A. the goods are available to the buyer after payment B. the draft is accepted by buyer in the delivery moment of goods C. the time of payment is after the maturity of draft D. the draft acceptance is after the shipment of goods How to cite Mcq International Payments, Papers

Criminal Law Concept of Intersectionality †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Criminal Law Concept of Intersectionality. Answer: Concept of Intersectionality Intersectionality is a sociological theory about how an individual faces multiple threats of discrimination under circumstance when their identities have common characteristics with minority of classes like gender, race, age, health, ethnicity and other characteristics. It is a feminist theory that commences from the premise that people live layered and multiple identities that is derive from history, social relations and the operation of power structure (Nowacki 2017). There are people who belong to several communities that are different from each other and they simultaneously experience privilege and oppression. For instance, a woman may be subjected to domestic violence yet be respected by medical professional. Intersectional analysis aims at addressing issues related to patriarchy, racism, class oppression and other discriminating systems leads to inequalities that forms the relative position of women. It considers social, political and historical contexts and recognizes distinct ive experience faced by the individuals resulting from various forms of identity (Paik 2017). Criminal Justice Contract of different populations The phrase culturally appropriate is usually used to define efforts made by institutions to communicate with a specific population by considering the cultural knowledge possessed by such specific population. The phrase in the context of criminal justice, refers to the following essential elements: it deals with the growing familiarity with the cultural knowledge and perspectives of certain populations; it further recognizes the blind spots of Western Culture; In the absence of inadequate power, culture is often perceived as neutral, thereby allowing the oppression system such as homophobia, sexism, ageism, racism that initially motivates the need for cultural competence to wane into the background. Aboriginals and Indigenous people Intersectionality emphasizes on particular policies, laws and processes that have an adverse impact on the life experiences of people with respect to disadvantage and identity. The policy makers often disregard the needs and circumstances of the Aboriginal women, which may have an adverse impact upon the communities and families of the indigenous people. In case of Royal Commission was established in 1989 subsequent to the deaths of 99 aboriginal people in prisons or in police custody between 1 Jan 1980 and 31 May 1989. Custodial deaths of aboriginals in large proportions, which often equals to the entire population, which is completely unacceptable and intolerable, had it taken place in the non-aboriginal community. This is because of over presentation of Aboriginal population in the custody as at the time of arrest, several aboriginals are arrested together. This issue is responded through the Aboriginal Justice Agreements that aims at recognizing the impact of the Aboriginals when they are dispossessed of their traditional lands and when they are taken apart from children or families. It identifies the devastating consequences that are faced by the aboriginals. The Victorias Aboriginal Justice Agreements enable the aboriginals to have easy access to mainstream services and such services shall consider the needs of the Koori Community. It further provides early intervention techniques and provides measures for preventing crime. Cognitive Impairments and Mental illness An intellectual disability refers to significant restrictions of a persons adaptive behavior and intellectual functioning. A mental illness is a health problem that affects how a person interacts and behaves with other people. A mental health problem also intervenes with the behavior and thoughts of a person but to an extent lesser than mental illness used as a reaction to the stress experienced by such persons. People suffering from cognitive impairments and/or mental illness commit minor offence such as the shoplifting, nuisances, trespassing at a higher rate than the normal people who are not suffering from mental illness or mental health problem. The people who suffers from disability are often denied accommodation programs and specialist support at the time when they are considered unfit to respond to criminal charges with which they are charged. On the contrary, they are detained in psychiatric facilities or in prisons for indefinite period irrespective of te fact whether they have actually committed a crime or not. Aboriginal women As discussed above that there is overrepresentation of aboriginal people in the prison system of Australia. It is a well-known fact that police usually target people who are considered as usual suspects in everyday street encounters for petty offences, which also include women. While the aboriginal women make up approximately 3 percent of the total female population in Australia, a considerable portion of women population are incarcerated in Australia (Rios, Carney and Kelekay 2017). It is normal for several indigenous women who are locked up in the prisons for commission of minor offences, to be in and out of the gaol. These women are usually less educated and younger as compared to women belonging to non-indigenous community who usually are employed or have children. In addition, the indigenous group often lacks housing and support after releasing from prison, which further leads to reoffending. Consequently, they lack access to the justice system and the prevalence of aboriginal c ustodial deaths results in lack of trust in the policing system of the country. Conclusion However, overrepresentation of aboriginals and people with cognitive impairments and mental illness experience the lowest level of services and their needs are disregarded. Criminal justice systems and their institutions have become effective containers used for controlling and capturing specific part of populations and deal with their problematic behavior. Further, public policies have ignored the lives of indigenous women and people with cognitive impairment and such public policies usually have an adverse impact upon the lives of such people. The value in engaging criminal justice from an intersectional point of view is that it enables to provide a better understanding of how several factors, which leads to oppression, operate synergistically. This would enable to differentiate between the aspects of criminal justice system that operates unfairly. The concept of intersectionality emphasizes on the particular policies and procedures including social, legal, that has an adverse impact on the life of people especially when such people have been subjected to inequality with respect to disadvantages and their identity. Bibliography Nowacki, J.S., 2017. An intersectional approach to race/ethnicity, sex, and age disparity in federal sentencing outcomes: An examination of policy across time periods.Criminology Criminal Justice,17(1), pp.97-116.law Paik, L., 2017. Critical perspectives on intersectionality and criminology: Introduction. Rios, V.M., Carney, N. and Kelekay, J., 2017. Ethnographies of Race, Crime, and Justice: Toward a Sociological Double-Consciousness.Annual Review of Sociology, (0).