How is our I-Function related to Impulsive Behavior? :: Impulses Neurology Papers

How is our I-Function related to Impulsive Behavior?What are impulses? We experience impulses every day. Why are you wearing your orange shirt today? Why did you pickax a salad for dinner instead of steak? Why did you drive one route to work as opposed to another? I suppose some large number are more spontaneous than others, but can impulses be called sporadic? Un harborled? Are they valid choices you have made - or are impulses something we do not realize we are powerless to? Can we choose to say certain things? Do we have any choices? Who, or what rather, is in control? around people have impulses that are not conducive to the decorum of society. Some people cannot explain their need, their impulse, to shout obscenities, to make strange faces at strangers, or to excessively mimic others around them. Tourettes Syndrome is one example of a swage that causes a person to be overwhelmed by impulses to say and do things that they cannot control. Do impulses have alter degrees? And can some people more efficiently control these impulses, or channel the impulsive thoughts into something other than actions? Is our behavior conducive to the ability to monitor numerous impulses of all degrees? And I wonder what role I-function plays in behavior, if behavior is explained in terms of controlled impulses.I wrote my last paper on obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and the implications that this disorder has on our understanding of the I-function. OCD patients are overwhelmed by the impulse to do certain actions or rituals that calm their fears. These fears might be of germs, heights, strangers, or something less common. OCD sufferers are treated by attempts to help the patients teach themselves to overcome their impulses that relieve their unfounded fears. The question that arises is how the OCD sufferer can be aware of their unrealistic and unprecedented fears, but cannot control their impulsive behavior? We are not conscious of the blind spot when our brain fills in the empty area created by the blind spot, and thus have no control over our blind spot. However, OCD patients are aware of their brains autonomous control over their behavior that causes obscure actions and thoughts that are typical of OCD patients. The I-function is not involved in the blind spot, but is it or is it not involved in OCD behaviors? How can the OCD patient be aware of what is going on, but not be adapted to control himself?

Fruitless Love :: Dialogue Essays

Fruitless LoveI waited for Bob to head out for his three oclock before I packed up my things and left the office. I didnt have to. Bob isnt my boss, hes just the guy who sits in the next cubicle. And its not like he would have said anything, or even thought anything. It was just one of those days when I felt like leaving without anybody noticing. I smoked a whole cigarette base on balls from the office to the shuttle deterrent two blocks away. I walk slowly now, even when I feel like Im rushing. The shuttle was parked at the stop when I got there. The driver had run inside the McDonalds to use the bathroom. I sat down on one of those sideways seats near the front and I smiled at the young woman sitting across from me. We sat there awkwardly facing each other for several minutes while the passenger vehicle driver did his thing in the McDonalds. I had a newspaper in my briefcase. It was a quarter to four when I got home and for a good five-some minutes I stood at the dining room ta ble trying to decide what to do next. Laura would be home in an hour or so. Thats why I took off early. To have an hour or so. But I wasnt sure what to do with it. I took a beer from the fridge and started a bath. I was still in a towel, shaving, when Laura came home. I heard her call my name down the hallway. She was winded. I heard packages. Im in here, I said. My voice sounded funny, high. I drew the razor up toward my chin. atomic number 18 we late? she asked. I had to stop at the supermarket first. I got us a cake to bring. Renee said not to bring anything. She walked into the bedroom, struggling to undo her top. Are we late? I didnt even see what time it is. What kind of cake? I asked. Did she call? I left a message on her machine. I said we might be late. Were fine, I said. I rinsed my face and leaned in close to the mirror to see if Id missed anything. I couldnt remember if Id brushed my teeth. Laura walked up behind me. She reached around and pinched one of my nipples. Hel lo, you, she said.

Boeing :: essays research papers

Paper on video 21st century jetIn this paper, I would like to discuss on the video, 21st century jet. This video is about the launching and testing of the airplane by the Boeing company, 777.The 777 family is designed to fill the size of it gap between the 767 and 747.The head of the 777 project is Allen Millaley, who promised to do many matters which are impossible, produced the plane which is more reliable than any other plane in the zephyr history. The starting large passenger jet designed completely by computer, the 777 is more complex and innovative than any other airliner ever built.The important thing in this project was, at the peak of the design effort, there were 238 teams using computing technology to design the 777.Design engineers and manufacturing engineers worked concurrently on the design of parts to f all later change orders and to increase efficiency in building and installing those parts. Outside suppliers and airline customers also are represented on some t eams. agree to one of the supervisor of a team, the traditional way of bringing problem is testing and more testing. Boeing 777 is the most tested airplane in the aviation history. trading operations of flight controls, the reliability of electronics, all of these things tested and retested by the teams of engineers. Boeing has built new laboratory for 777 in which 10000 workers worked. The engineers did the first ground test of 777 in Nov93. During the first testing flight only the pilot and co pilot were on board. The problem occurred during the first test flight was the hydraulic leakage on the left side.After the first flight, several meetings held in which engineers tried to figure out the problem they had during the first test flight. After that the engineers made the successful testing flight. The Boeing 777-300, realise type certification from the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the European Joint Aviation Authorities (JAA), on May 4, 1998. The jet also re ceived FAA citation for 180-minute extended-range, twin-engine operations (ETOPS). This marks the first time any airplane manufacturer has received both approvals on the same day. The certification formally recognizes that the 777-300 has successfully passed all of the stringent testing and safety requirements of the regulatory agencies and is ready to enter passenger service.

The History of Public Relations Essay example -- essays research paper

The History of humans dealingThe act of creation relations dates back to 52 B.C.E. in ancient Rome and continues on right away wholly around the world. Public relations is defined as the controlling factor that searches to form and master(prenominal)tain relationships between organizations, profit or non-profit and the public that are proficient for both parties (Bates). The age of public relations as a profession evolved in the 20th Century, mainly in the United States, but its metrical foot gutter be followed throughout the age of man. The practice of public relations is dedicated to complete honesty and openness in its communications and operations. Over time, the host of superior public relations has triumphed over several setbacks. Arthur W. page, creator of the five principles of corporate public relations in 1927 stated, All business in a egalitarian country begins with public permission and exists by public approval. If that be true, it follows that business sh ould be cheerfully willing to tell the public what its policies are, what it is doing, and what it hopes to do. This seems practically a duty. Pages principles still carry on at present with many businesses and corporations. Page and other renown public relations professionals such as Ed fightd Bernays, throw of new(a) public relations, take that pr and civilization is a collaboration that exists throughout time. As far back as the time of Julius Caesar, many historians believe the he wrote his Commentaries as governor of Gaul to promote himself to the public. Caesar, being aware of persuasion and how news can inform the public, published a daily piece called Acta Diurna, convey daily acts or daily records, that carried on for 400years. Since the invention of writing, public relations was formed. Leaders of ancient civilizations used writings to promote their superiority in war and politics. Public interest became a huge priority for everyone. The Renaissance and Reformation f ounded the modern world and the first stages of public relations that is attributed to public and secret organizations today and several articles of history. The Magna Carta, which influenced the U.S. Constitution, for example, empowered the ... ..., organizations, and other institutions, is the public. PR has made its way through history and has satisfied its place or role, if any, in the world today. The tierce main elements of public relations are practically as old as society informing people, persuading people, or integrating people with people. Of course, the means and methods of accomplishing these ends fox changed as society has changed.- Edward Bernays, founder of modern public relationsBibliographyDon Bates, MINI-ME HISTORY TO INFORM AND PERSUADE Public Relations from the Dawn of Civilization, Institute for public relations, www.instituteforpr.com, July 18, 2005.Edward L. Bernays, form Public Opinion (1923 reprint ed., Norman, OK. University of Oklahoma Press, 1961).E dward L. Bernays, Public Relations (Norman, OK. University of Oklahoma Press, 1952)Scott Cutlip, Public Relations History From the Seventeenth to the Twentieth Century (Mahwah, NJ. Lawrence Erlbaum & Associates, 1999).Public Relations Society of America, Public Relations Education for the 21st Century A Port of Entry, PRSA, www.prsa.org, July 19, 2005. The History of Public Relations Essay example -- essays explore paper The History of Public RelationsThe act of public relations dates back to 52 B.C.E. in ancient Rome and continues on today all around the world. Public relations is defined as the controlling factor that searches to form and maintain relationships between organizations, profit or non-profit and the public that are beneficial for both parties (Bates). The age of public relations as a profession evolved in the 20th Century, mainly in the United States, but its foundation can be followed throughout the age of man. The practice of public relations is ded icated to complete honesty and openness in its communications and operations. Over time, the force of professional public relations has triumphed over several setbacks. Arthur W. Page, creator of the five principles of corporate public relations in 1927 stated, All business in a democratic country begins with public permission and exists by public approval. If that be true, it follows that business should be cheerfully willing to tell the public what its policies are, what it is doing, and what it hopes to do. This seems practically a duty. Pages principles still carry on today with many businesses and corporations. Page and other renown public relations professionals such as Edward Bernays, founder of modern public relations, believe that pr and civilization is a collaboration that exists throughout time. As far back as the time of Julius Caesar, many historians believe the he wrote his Commentaries as governor of Gaul to promote himself to the public. Caesar, being aware of persua sion and how news can inform the public, published a daily paper called Acta Diurna, meaning daily acts or daily records, that carried on for 400years. Since the invention of writing, public relations was formed. Leaders of ancient civilizations used writings to promote their superiority in war and politics. Public interest became a huge priority for everyone. The Renaissance and Reformation founded the modern world and the first stages of public relations that is attributed to public and private organizations today and several articles of history. The Magna Carta, which influenced the U.S. Constitution, for example, empowered the ... ..., organizations, and other institutions, is the public. PR has made its way through history and has satisfied its place or role, if any, in the world today. The three main elements of public relations are practically as old as society informing people, persuading people, or integrating people with people. Of course, the means and methods of accompl ishing these ends have changed as society has changed.- Edward Bernays, founder of modern public relationsBibliographyDon Bates, MINI-ME HISTORY TO INFORM AND PERSUADE Public Relations from the Dawn of Civilization, Institute for public relations, www.instituteforpr.com, July 18, 2005.Edward L. Bernays, Crystallizing Public Opinion (1923 reprint ed., Norman, OK. University of Oklahoma Press, 1961).Edward L. Bernays, Public Relations (Norman, OK. University of Oklahoma Press, 1952)Scott Cutlip, Public Relations History From the Seventeenth to the Twentieth Century (Mahwah, NJ. Lawrence Erlbaum & Associates, 1999).Public Relations Society of America, Public Relations Education for the 21st Century A Port of Entry, PRSA, www.prsa.org, July 19, 2005.

Legalizing the Growth of Industrial Hemp Essay example -- Industrial H

It is clearly seen today that the abolishment of hemp has not only hurt American farmers, only also affects either citizens day to day life. This plant has been use for thousands of years all around the world, scarcely in recent years it has been morphed into the devil weed it is seen as today. The unfortunate cause of this view is the assumption that marijuana and industrial hemp are one in the same. This view does have some validity but that cannot outweigh the fact that these products are far from identical. The benefits of hemp cannot be replaced it is simply a miracle plant. This one plant can efficiently produce fuel, paper, plastic, and fiber for fabrics with a better end product than what is currently used for these commodities. This tough plant that is inexpensive and easy to grow would not only save our farming sedulousness and help our economy, but would also help to repair our environment. Legalizing the use of industrial hemp would solve economic and environmental is sues in America by providing a domestic, sustainable, and renewable resource. It has been found that industrial hemp was used as far back as 8000 BC (). This plant has withstood the test of time and was utilized for thousands of years, but in the 20th century was banned from America. The reason for this ban and why it continues today is due to its comparison to other strains of the plant that can be used for medicinal or recreational purposes (J. McDougal). The comparison between these two strains put fear into the American people, but could not be further from the truth. THC or tetrahydrocannabinol is the chemical in marijuana that has an intoxicating effect when consumed. Industrial hemp or feral hemp contains less than half of one percent THC (D. West), whe... .... Applied Physics Research. 2.1 (2010) 139-143. Print. Kaiser, Jocelyn. Pests overwhelm Bt cotton crop. American Association for the Advancement of Science. (1996) Print.Kane, Mari. The Movement to Legalize Industrial ganja. Marijuana. Ed. Joseph Tardiff. Detroit Greenhaven Press, 2002. Contemporary Issues Companion. Gale Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 27 Oct. 2010.Legalize Hemp. Multinational Monitor. 19.4 (1998) 5. Print. McDougal, Jeanette. The Hemp Movement A Disguise for Legalizing Marijuana. Marijuana. Ed. Joseph Tardiff. Detroit Greenhaven Press, 2002. Contemporary Issues Companion. Gale Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 27 Oct. 2010.The history and benefits of hemp. San Diego Earth Times. Earth Times, 1999. Web. 15 Nov 2010. West, David. Hemp and Marijuana Myths & Realities. naihc.org. NAIHC, 1998. Web. 15 Nov 2010.

Afghanistan :: essays research papers

afghanistan BACKGROUNDAfghanistan was subdued and occupied by the Union of Soviet left Republic (U.S.S.R. i.e. Russia) in 1979. Subsequently in ten years, anti-communist forces provided and trained by the United States, Saudi Arabia, and Pakistan assisted in the removal of the Soviet power. As the flake resumed, a fundamentalist Islamic movement referred to as the Taliban managed to seize most of the country. Under their ascendancy, the country of Afghanistan became extremely improvished and suffered from a fallen g everyplacenmental infrastructure.GEOGRAPHYAfghanistan is primed(p) in southern Asia, northwest of Pakistan east of Iran. It possesses a total land area of 647,500 sq. km. In its comparative aspect, Afghanistan is slightly smaller than Texas. Bordering countries such as China, Iran, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan surrounds it. The land is less than 12% arable. 46% of the land consists of permanent pastures and 3% are occupied with forests and woodl ands. Mostly rugged mountains and plains in the north and southwest dish out of the country make up its terrain. Afghanistan is susceptible to natural hazards such as damaging earthquakes, floods, and droughts. This country has a seasonal climate of arid and dry air. They experience cold winters and hot summers. Current environmental issues involve soil degradation, overgrazing, deforestation (much of the remaining forests are being cut down for fuel and edifice materials), and desertification. This country has established international environment agreements to deter marine dumping and nuclear testing, in addition to the implementation of environmental modification and preservation of its endangered species.PEOPLEAfghanistan possess a population of 26,818,057 (July 2001 est.) This number consists of 42% under the age of 14, 55% classified between the ages of 15 and 64, and 3% over the age of 65. As of 2001, this country has seen a population growth rate of 3.5%, but this rate ex hibits the continuous return of refugees from Iran. The life expectancy of the Afghan masses is about 46 years of existence. Afghanistan occupies a multitude of ethnic cultures and groups such as Pashtun, Tajik, Hazara, and Uzbek. Most people of this country adopt the religion of Islam with 84% practicing as Sunni Muslims and 15% as Shia Muslims. The languages of this country are in a variation of Pashtu, Afghan Persian, Turkic, and much of them in bilingualism. Illiteracy is the prevalent impediment among the Afghan people with only 31% of the population capable of reading and writing.

Afghanistan :: essays research papers

afghanistan BACKGROUNDAfghanistan was subdued and occupied by the Union of Soviet collectivist Republic (U.S.S.R. i.e. Russia) in 1979. Subsequently in ten years, anti-communist forces provided and trained by the United States, Saudi Arabia, and Pakistan assisted in the removal of the Soviet power. As the chip resumed, a fundamentalist Islamic movement referred to as the Taliban managed to seize most of the country. Under their ascendancy, the country of Afghanistan became extremely improvished and suffered from a fallen g all overnmental infrastructure.GEOGRAPHYAfghanistan is set in southern Asia, northwest of Pakistan east of Iran. It possesses a total land area of 647,500 sq. km. In its comparative aspect, Afghanistan is slightly smaller than Texas. Bordering countries such as China, Iran, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan surrounds it. The land is less than 12% arable. 46% of the land consists of permanent pastures and 3% are occupied with forests and woodla nds. Mostly rugged mountains and plains in the north and southwest shell out of the country make up its terrain. Afghanistan is susceptible to natural hazards such as damaging earthquakes, floods, and droughts. This country has a seasonal climate of arid and dry air. They experience cold winters and hot summers. Current environmental issues involve soil degradation, overgrazing, deforestation (much of the remaining forests are being cut down for fuel and grammatical construction materials), and desertification. This country has established international environment agreements to deter marine dumping and nuclear testing, in addition to the implementation of environmental modification and preservation of its endangered species.PEOPLEAfghanistan possess a population of 26,818,057 (July 2001 est.) This number consists of 42% under the age of 14, 55% classified between the ages of 15 and 64, and 3% over the age of 65. As of 2001, this country has seen a population growth rate of 3.5%, but this rate exhibits the continuous return of refugees from Iran. The life expectancy of the Afghan deal is about 46 years of existence. Afghanistan occupies a multitude of ethnic cultures and groups such as Pashtun, Tajik, Hazara, and Uzbek. Most people of this country adopt the religion of Islam with 84% practicing as Sunni Muslims and 15% as Shia Muslims. The languages of this country are in a variation of Pashtu, Afghan Persian, Turkic, and much of them in bilingualism. Illiteracy is the prevalent impediment among the Afghan people with only 31% of the population capable of reading and writing.

Human Biology Unit 1 Organelle Structure and Function

pic ASSIGNMENT GUIDELINES Theme and Unit title Human biology Student Name Unit 1 Cells and Tissues Title of torpedosidisation Assignment 1 Short answer question paper- in class/open ledger examination. Date issued Week 2 w/c 13. 09. 10 Submission date Week 6 w/c 11. 10. 0 ASSIGNMENT GUIDELINES This assignment consists of a short answer question paper (SAQP) which ordain be completed as an open book examination in week 6, i. e. in class in timed condition with access to an hold number of resources. You may bring into this examination the following two sets of PowerPoint handouts as issued in class PP2 Cells and PP5 Tissues of the Human Body These Power Point handouts may be annotated with your own notes taken during class and after class following any additional reading. You pass on also take hold access to these two Power Points online via the scholarly person shared drive. The time allocated to complete the pape r is 2 hours. In addition to the guidance overleaf, examples to illustrate what is required to meet the grading criteria, will be discussed in class. PLEASE ENSURE THESE GUIDELINES ARE SUBMITTED WITH YOUR ASSIGNMENT LEARNING OUTCOMES 1. 0 Understand the component nature of a generalised cell. 5. 0 Understand that benignant consistence cells are specialised for a variety of different fly the coops. 6. Understand the bodily structure and function of the major body tissue types ASSESSMENT CRITERIA LEVEL 2 1. 1 Accurately check off a diagram of a generalised human cell showing the nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane and mitochondria. 1. 2 answer for the function of the organelles in 1. 1 5. 1 Accurately draw and chase after at least two different specialised human body cells. 5. 2 Describe the functions of the cells drawn in 5. 6. 1 Describe the structure and function of the major body tissue types. ASSESSMENT CRITERIA LEVEL 3 1. 1 Accurately label a diagram of a generalised human cell showing the nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane and mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, lysosomes, centrioles, and golgi apparatus. 1. 2 Explain the functions of the organelles in 1. 5. 1 Produce accurately scaled, labelled drawings of at least two different specialised human body cells. 5. 2 With reference to the examples in 5. 1 explain the importance of complementarity of structure and function. 6. 1 Explain the structure and function of the major body tissue types. If all accomplishment outcomes are achieved at level 3 the assignment will be graded according to the grade descriptors below. For this assignment grading criteria 5 and 7 apply. Descriptor Content for merit Content for distinction Guidance 5. intercourse and The assignment work shows a actually The assignment work shows an excellent Diagrams of the cells drawn in questions 1a and 1b presentation good command of command of are neaten and neatly presented with all parts Use of images Use of images labelled as instructed. The appropriate biological terms are included and Language (including technical or Language (including technical or used correctly throughout the assignment. specialist language. ) specialist language. ) 7. The assignment work is The assignment work is Make sure that you have clearly organised the Quality Structured in a expressive style that is resources that you are allowed to bring into the generally logical and fluent. Structured in a way that is examination room. consistently logical and fluent. Taken as a whole demonstrates a Make sure that you are familiar with these in order very good response to the demandsTaken as a whole demonstrates an that you can use them effectively to complete the of the brief/assignment. excellent response to the demands of assignment in the time given. the brief/assignment When using written prose this should be fluent and explanations should be presented clearly and logically. Writing should be in blue or depressed ink, diagrams should be drawn in pencil. There should be evidence that explanations are in your own words. pic FEEDBACK SHEET Theme and Unit title Human Biology Student Name Unit 1 Cells and Tissues Title of assignment Assignment 1 Short answer question paper- in class/open book examination. Date issued Week 2 w/c 13. 09. 10 Submission date Week 6 w/c 11. 10. 0 Markers comments Initial launching level awarded Resubmission level awarded TUTOR/ASSESSOR Janet Vickers TUTOR/ASSESSOR Janet Vickers gestural SIGNED DATE DATE INTERNAL VERIFIER INTERNAL VERIFIER SIGNED SIGNED DATE DATE Learning Outcomes Level achieved 1st submission Level achieved 2nd submission 1. 0 Understand the component nature of a generalised cell. 5. 0 Unders tand that human body cells are specialised for a variety of different functions. 6. Understand the structure and function of the major body tissue types Assessment Criteria Met (()/Not Met(x) To achieve at Level 2 you need to 1st sub 2nd sub 1. 1 Accurately label a diagram of a generalised human cell showing the nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane and mitochondria. 1. 2 Describe the function of the organelles in 1. 1 5. 1 Accurately draw and label at least two different specialised human body cells. 5. 2 Describe the functions of the cells drawn in 5. 1 6. 1 Describe the structure and function of the major body tissue types. Met(()/Not Met(x) To achieve at Level 3 you need to 1st sub 2nd sub 1. 1 Accurately label a diagram of a generalised human cell showing the nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane and mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, lysosomes, centri oles, and golgi apparatus. 1. 2 Explain the functions of the organelles in 1. 1 5. 1 Produce accurately scaled, labelled drawings of at least two different specialised human body cells. 5. 2 With reference to the examples in 5. 1 explain the importance of complementarity of structure and function. 6. 1 Explain the structure and function of the major body tissue types. If all learning outcomes are achieved at level 3 the assignment will be graded for this assignment grading criteria 5 and 7 apply. Descriptor Grade awarded definition 5. Communication and presentation 7. Quality Markers comments Access to higher(prenominal) Education Health Studies/Combined StudiesWork presented in an assessment must be your own. piracy is where a student copies work from another source, published or unpublished (inc luding the work of another student) and fails to acknowledge the influence of anothers work or to attribute quotes to the author. Plagiarism is an academic offence. If you are thought to have plagiarised someone elses work this could result in disciplinary action. I have read the in a higher place information and I can confirm that this work is my own, and that any sources used have been acknowledged using the appropriate referencing system. Signature.. Date Access to Higher Education Health Studies/Combined Studies

Advantage of SNS

The term Social Networking Site has often been utilize interchangeably with the term social net income site. The definition of the two terms atomic number 18 one the same. match Boyd and Ellison, social web sites are, web- ground services that allow individuals to (1) construct a public or semi-public pen deep down a bounded system, (2) articulate a list of other users with whom they share a connection, and (3) view and traverse their list of connections and those made by others within the system.The nature and nomenclature of these connections may vary from site to site. The authors chose the term network instead of networking simply because the latter term emphasizes building new relations amid people. Although SNS have allowed people to meet others, it appears that the main purpose of SNS is to communicate with people who are already part of their extended social network.Social network sites are used in different ways and for different purposes. Users of such sites take a dvantage of its various features that allow them to do different things. One feature of social network sites that is considered beneficial is that it allows users to share information with each other.Also, users have the option to share only the information that they want. Each user of each site has a pen page. This page contains a personalized description of the member.Demographic details, tastes, videos and photographs are the common things found on profiles. (Boyd) From these pages, the users can share their information with others people. Also, some use SNS to share pictures and videos with their friends.SNS are also useful for they allow users to build new alliances and maintain current ones. Some use such sites to meet new people. According to Lenhart and Madden, For girls, social networking sites are places to reinforce pre-existing friendships, while for the boys who use the sites, the networks provide opportunities for flirting and making new friends.Social network sites are commonly utilized to communicate with friends. In a study conducted on why teens use social network sites, Lenhart and Madden found that, 91% of all social networking teens say they use the sites to wedge in touch with friends they see frequently, while 82% use the sites to stay in touch with friends they rarely see in person.Whatever type of relationship it is, it is evident that social networking sites build and foster relationships particularly friendships.Another reason why social networking sites are useful and popular is that it builds and strengthens communities. Social network sites allow users to look at the people who will become part of their network. These associations form the communities.Choosing Friends in social network sites give the users a chance to write their communities into being. (Boyd). SNS creates and improves communities based on similarities in the midst of users. Some sites such as MySpace connect people based on shared interests. (Ellison et al) Also some sites such as Facebook allow its members to, Join virtual groups based on common interests, see what classes they have in common, and learn each others hobbies, interests, musical tastes, and romantic relationship status through the profiles. (Ellison et al)Social network sites are advantageous because they allow users to create their identity and space. Through the profiles, the users are able to create an image of themselves. Their profile page is their space, defined they way they want and containing the things they want.More importantly, the users social network is his space and he has the ability to change it simply by adding or removing people from his list. His social network defines his identity as well. According to Donath and Boyd, Public displays of connection serve as important identity signals.Works Citedboyd, danah, & Ellison, Nicole. Social network sites Definition, history, and scholarship. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 2007, 13(1), article 11 . 2 December 2007 .boyd, danah. Why youth (Heart) Social Network Sites The Role of Networked Publics in Teenage Social Life. In David Buckingham (Ed.), Youth, Identity, and Digital Media (pp. 119-142). Cambridge MIT Press. 2 December 2007 .

Critique of “Being Logical”

be Logical A Guide to Good Thinking by D. Q. McInerny is an introduction to the apprehension and art of intellection and financial support logically. The 129-page guide was published in 2005 by Random Ho use of goods and services Trade Paperbacks and can be purchased for around ten dollars. The author D. Q. McInerny is currently a professor at Our Lady of Guadalupe Seminary in Lincoln, Nebraska and has written a variety of make-ups on religious philosophy to include Philosophical Psychology, and an article on the use of contraception. In the words of McInerny, Logic is the very backbone of true education (McInerny, 2005, p. x). Yet in the Preface, he goes on to say To my mind, logic is the missing piece of the American educational system, the subject that informs every other subject from English to history to science and math (McInerny, 2005, p. ix). In his disc McInerny attempts to guide his readers done the litigate of seeing the world and evaluating their circumstances i n an objective and critical manner. Ultimately he aims to instill an intrinsic need for true statement gained through logic that his readers pass on utilize in everyday life.Being logical consists of five sections, the first three serve as a foundation for logical thinking. They consist of Preparing the Mind for Logic, The raw material Principles of logic and Argument the Language of Logic. The last two sections, The Sources of Illogical Thinking and The Principal Forms of Illogical Thinking put the foundations of logic into action by pointing bring out errors that one may make while attempting sound logic. The last two sections, specifically section five synthesizes the material previously c everyplaceed in the book by defining the slipway in which reasoning can go awry.McInerny wrote of 28 principal forms of bewilde reddish thinking. The eleven most notable forms of illogical thinking can be pigeonholinged by their basic causes a basic misinterpretation of language and arr ival at a conclusion through illogical processes, a lack of critical thinking or attention to the matter at hand, and finally, purposefully delusory and manipulative commandation. Undistributed midst, begging the question and softness to disprove does not prove all occur when one misinterprets the language of an subscriber line or comes to a conclusion through an illogical process.According to McInerny Undistributed middle occurs when one falsely attributes traits to the conclusion establish on a term or statement in the premise that is not universal or incessantly true. For example, many elite marathon runners ar Kenyan. Aallyah is Kenyan therefore she is an elite marathoner. Similar to undistributed middle, begging the question is when a statement seams like an parentage that proves the conclusion when in truth the assertion is patently stated twice in different words. There is not actually any supporting certify to prove the assertion.For example, because Jimmy goes to the gym on a regular basis, Jimmy has good physical fitness. Another form of illogical thinking is the assertion that the unfitness to disprove something in effect proves it. For example, just because one cannot disprove the existence of a higher power or God, does not prove that God exists. It is a matter that has not been proven or disproven therefore it is merely a matter of faith or flavour not at all based in logical fact. Abusing tradition, democratic fallacy and abuses of quick-wittedise all stem from lack of critical thinking, attention to the matter at hand or weak-minded group think.Sometimes tradition is followed b atomic number 18ly because it is the way things have always been regardless of its logical merit or usefulness. Conversely, a sound tradition is often abandoned barely for the sake of innovation. Both of these failures in logic are forms of using and abusing tradition. The quality of a tradition should be judged on its merit and effectiveness not simply it s longevity. The Democratic Fallacy occurs when a conclusion or opinion is held as true simply because the majority believes it. For example, society apply to believe that the world was politic and the sun revolved around the earth, which is obviously a false assertion.The use of an expert opinion can be very powerful in an argument as long as the expert backs up his or her opinion with fact and concrete rational. If one asserts that a specific conclusion is true simply based on the fact that an expert says so, they are not in essence proving their assertion at all because they arent making an argument, they are simply making a statement. If a lawyer in a murder trial placed an expert whiteness on the stand, and simply asked them in your expert opinion, did the defendant committed the offence they would be abusing expertise and not actually presenting any argument at all.If the lawyer asked the expert to explain the evidence and why it leads to the conclusion, then he or she woul d be presenting a good argument. In section five McInerny points out that it is essential to be aware of purposefully misleading and manipulative argumentation when attempting to logically analyze a situation. Ad hominem, red herring, straw man, false dilemma and simplistic reasoning are all ways in which one can manipulate an audience incorrectly. Ad hominem and red herring are both forms of false reasoning in which one plays on the emotions of the audience to manipulate them.The ad hominem fallacy is when one responds to the individual making an argument, using information irrelevant to the argument to gain stirred control over the audience and sway them against the opponent. If one is discussing a topic with someone they dislike and rather than analyzing the others argument, they simply attack the other personally, the attacking individual is guilty of the Ad Hominem Fallacy. The opinion of the audience can be changed solely on their emotional response to the individual making the argument not on the logic of their position.The red herring fallacy is a good deal like the ad hominem fallacy in that they both divert the audiences attention from the actual issue macrocosm argued. In this fallacy, one interjects inflammatory information aimed at distracting and swaying a specific audience base solely on their emotions. This ploy is seen constantly in debates for semipolitical office. The paradox between public approval of the death penalty and disapproval of abortion is one that is seen frequently in political debate. In this example the opinion of specific majorities seem to be swayed more by emotional and religious appeals than consistent logic.One may play to the emotional pictorial matter of an innocent baby world murdered, saying that humans cannot play God per say and that it isnt our right to choose. While in the latter instance they can play on the image of an evil murderous criminal needing to be punished for his or her actions, and completely d isregard the original assertion that it is not right for humans to play God. cover man, false dilemma and simplistic reasoning are all ways in which one can manipulate their audience not by emotional appeals but by somehow falsifying a specific aspect of the situation being analyzed.Straw Man Fallacy is when one purposefully misinterprets anothers argument in order to weaken it. If one realized that they were wrong, yet pretended to misinterpret the other persons argument to evade admitting that their argument is inferior they would be committing the Straw Man Fallacy. A false dilemma occurs when one analyzes a question or situation on the false pretext that there are only two options when, in fact, there are many possibilities. A historic example of a false dilemma can be seen in the political and social drama surrounding the United States decision to invade Iraq in 2003.According to a Pew Research Center poll in 2003 over 71 percent of Americans were proponents of Operation Iraqi Freedom (Keeter, 2007). This sentiment was furthered by emotional patriotism brought on by September 11th, which led to the attitude of you are either for us or against us. Although many Americans viewed the situation as a dilemma, there were many other options at the governments temperament that could have utilized other forms of national power and influence. Simplistic reasoning is the act of simplifying a complex situation or reality so much that its true meaning is altered and the truth is lost.Parents often use simplistic reasoning when answering their tykerens complex questions about life. Often when a child asks where they came from, a parent pass on respond with a myriad of simplistic stories. These responses are completely untrue but the parent wants to protect the child from the truth that they feel is inappropriate and may also think the child wont understand the complexities of procreation. Simplistic reasoning in this instance my be justified, however when it is use d to manipulate or shelter adult audiences it is a gross misrepresentation of the truth.In section five, McInerny succeeds at highlighting the many ways in which attempted logic can fail. He defines each form of illogical thinking with brevity and in terms any reader can understand. Awareness of these possible mistakes will assuredly help readers follow more logical thought processes and avoid illogical thinking. The first three chapters of the book however, are not as stabilising or pertinent. McInerny starts out by explaining the close relationship between language and logic, stating that they are in fact inseparable (McInerny, 2005, p. 3).Conscious thought is indeed dictated by language. One can have feelings and emotions without language but when one realizes an actual cognitive thought, they think it in words. McInerny states that the concrete expression of logical reasoning is the argument (McInerny, 2005, p. 47). Thus he spends a great deal of time detailing and defining the basic structure and function of the English language and the language of an argument. He caveats these first three sections by saying that readers might be put off by what they perceive to be an emphasis upon the obvious.I do, in fact, place a good deal of stress on the obvious in this book, and that is quite deliberate. In logic, as in life, it is the obvious that most often bears emphasizing, because it so slow escapes our notice (McInerny, 2005, p. x). Although language and our use of it holds a symbiotic relationship with logic, McInerny spends 88 uninspired pages defining and over complicating aspects of language that are, as he says, obvious. Instead of putting his readers to sleep by dissecting and defining the rudimentary construct of the English language, he could have emphasized the importance of paying attention to obvious details.Using interesting diachronic examples of either sound logic or attempted logic gone awry would make a much more memorable impact. Instead, readers feel as though they are wading through the sludge of an SAT or ACT preparatory guide. Ultimately, McInerny succeeds in writing a basic guide to the science of logic however Being Logical A Guide to Good Thinking does not inspire readers to internalize a desire for truth gained through the art of logical thinking.The book is a dry and simplistic analysis of logic that lacks any inspiring or memorable real world examples that a reader could call upon while logically navigating their everyday life. References Keeter, S. (2007). Trends in Public Opinion About the War in Iraq, 2003-2007. Retrieved October 3, 2011 from Pew Research Center Publications http//pewresearch. org/pubs/431/trends-in-public-opinion-about-the-war-in-iraq-2003-2007. MCInerny, D. Q. (2005). Being Logical A Guide to Good Thinking. New York Random House Trade Paperbacks.

Cause and effects of Taliban Essay

The Soviet invasion of Afghanistan was part of a long term cause of the cause the of Taliban. The foreign influence that was exerted by the Soviet Union shape the foreign and domestic policies in Afghanistan.The social and political impacts of communism and the Cold War put Afghanistans government in a very namby-pamby and unstable severalise. This made it easy for the allowing of the extremist group the Taliban to take over weaker groups and take power in 1994.Since the government was so unstable it caused the rise and decease of various political groups and leaders and a period of unrest and changes of power as well as war.Afghanistan rejected Western influence after years of colonization under British rule and took political and financial aid from the USSR this close relationship between he countries led to the spread of communist ideas to Afghani leadership.Since Afghanistan suffered a severe famine that killed in estimate of 500,000 civilians the new communist platform pro gressed and offered hope to the Afghans. Afghanistan being in such a horrible state and so desperate for hope the group most likely to fill the power void was the Taliban that controlled over 85% of the field. The internal factors contributed to the Taliban success because the Afghan raft were just exhausted and had their own chronic state of corruption and insecurity.The Taliban became strong enough and took over the capital Kabul in1996 after locking down the country with their military strength.The Fall of the TalibanThe Talibans involvement in the Sept. 11, 2001 terroist attacks on the USled to the US invasions into Afghanistan that displaced the Taliban government and forced them out of power.EffectsRise of the TalibanThe Taliban thusly issued a radical reform to restore Afghanistans conservative culture. They enforced strict laws of Islam in daily life which included restrictions on alcohol, prayer, entertainment, and daily living. Televisions, alcohol, radio, dancing, and splinter beards were outlawed.The terrorist attack on September 11, 2001 on the Twin Towers in New York City effected the United States greatly.Taliban cruelly reduced women and girls to poverty, worsened their health, and deprived them of their near to an education, and many times to practice their religion. Afghanistan under the Taliban had one of the worst human right records in the world.